B]Electric Vehicles Are Way, Way More Energy-Efficient Than Internal Combustion Vehicles[/B]
Lie. They use about twice as much energy as a gasoline car.
B]
Say you drop $5 on a gallon of gas—only about $1 dollar's worth actually gets you moving in a traditional ICE vehicle. [/B][/QUOTE]
Let's call it $3.50. The rest is taxes.
Out of the 8.9 million barrels of gasoline consumed daily in the U.S. on average, only 1.8 million gallons, or approximately 20 percent, actually propel an internal combustion vehicle forward. The other 80 percent is wasted on heat and parasitic auxiliary components that draw away energy.
You are describing numbers more akin to EVs. Gasoline cars achieve efficiencies more like 40-50%.
As the world begins its shift to EV proliferation, the good news is electric vehicles are far more energy efficient on the road.
Blatant lie. EVs use almost twice the energy of a similar sized gasoline car to go the same distance.
The vast majority of energy wasted in an ICE vehicle is through the heat the engine produces, which you can literally feel radiating from under the hood. About 5 percent is lost through parasitic engine components including the cooling system, which draws on the engine's own energy to help cool it down, about 4 percent is lost through the mechanical friction of the drivetrain and transmission components, and another 2 percent could be lost to auxiliary electrics like heated and powered seats, lights, and infotainment systems. In total, approximately 75 to 84 percent of the original gasoline's energy is lost.
Argument from randU fallacy. Obviously, you know nothing about engines either.
ALL heat engines work by moving thermal energy. That includes gasoline cars. ALL heat engines have a hot section and a cold section. The hot section in a gasoline car is the cylinders themselves. The cold section is outside air. Most of the thermal energy is dissipated through the exhaust system. This is the heat that is converted into mechanical energy to drive the car forward.
Without a hot section, the engine produces no power. Without a cold section, the engine produces no power.
The same is true for the engine in a power plant, BTW. That's what your EV depends on to run.
Gasoline cars can achieve about 40% or in some cases almost 50% efficiency. The hotter the hot section is in any heat engine, and the colder the cold section is in any heat engine, the greater it's efficiency. This is Carnot's law, which you ignore. Assuming ambient air temperature as the cold section, efficiency is improved by making the hot section even HOTTER.
In a theoretically perfect gasoline engine it could conceivably reach an efficiency of 87%. Materials being what they are (imperfect), the gasoline engine only gets 40-50%. Pretty damn good, considering. The rest is dissipated primarily through engine oil, and the last bit through and air or liquid cooling system. That number also includes any losses from the drive train and tire friction.
Compare that to only 31-35 percent energy loss in the average electric vehicle (average EV battery size is about 63 kWh), before factoring in potential recuperation from energy regeneration.
Energy loss is not calculated as a percent of anything. Unit error.
Its losses can be broken down into approximately 10 percent of the source energy from the grid lost in the charging process,
Argument from randU fallacy.
Charging an EV is done using a heat engine, just like a gasoline car. You are AGAIN ignoring the power plant. You are also ignoring heat loss from the generator and associated machine itself.
Transmitting that power first goes through transformers (liquid cooled with fans). All wires are also resistors. Even with the high voltage, a significant current is flowing on those high tension lines, being lost as waste heat. This can heat the wire so much it actually sags between the supporting poles. Overloaded lines (such as what the SDTC is depending on now) can sag so much they touch a tree or something and the circuit is shut off.
Each substation also has transformers, again liquid cooled, with fans. They convert power down to 7.2kV for distribution to homes and businesses. Those distributions lines carry even MORE current, again lost as waste heat.
Each home has a power transformer, oil cooled, but ambient radiators. More waste heat.
Charging an EV battery is moving ions through the electrolyte. That heats the battery...a lot. That means you can only charge it at a limited rate or the battery overheats and quite possible catches fire. A fair number of EVs plugged into charging stations were destroyed in just this way, burning other nearby cars and structures in the process.
Discharging an EV as you drive it also heats the battery (you are moving ions again, just the other way!). This is why EV batteries are liquid cooled and use radiators just like a gasoline car and for the same kind of reason. The motor has a LOT of current and induced counter currents running in the wiring. This heats up the motor quite a lot. This is why EV motors are liquid cooled, just like a gasoline car. EV motors are typically oil cooled.
EVs also have transmissions and tires, producing similar losses.
An EV is just a coal or natural gas powered car that winds up losing half the power it uses to the charging cycle (including losses from the power plant, numerous transformers, line currents, and of course, battery heating during the charge and discharge cycle and waste heat from the motor itself.
18 percent lost to the drivetrain motor components,
Nope. Included already. You cannot count it twice.
up to 4 percent lost to auxiliary components,
Nope. Cabin heat is free in a gasoline car. It doesn't require ANY additional energy. AC does consume power, about the same as that in any EV. The difference is that the AC compressor runs directly off the battery, reducing range significantly. Gasoline cars also experience reduced range, but they only require a few minutes to refuel as opposed to the hours required for an EV.
and another 3 percent lost solely from powertrain cooling and other vehicle systems.
Both types of vehicles experience losses here. You are making up this number as well, however.
TANSTAAFL. Argument from randU fallacies. Special pleading fallacy.