Why EV's suck on energy efficiency

If you live in a temperate area and mainly toodle around town or commute to work and need a nice looking late model ride, they can be an effective choice.

If you live in hot or cold areas it becomes less so and will require that you have a garage.

If you travel it starts to become a worse idea. The more you travel, the worse it gets.

If you need hauling ability again it becomes less effective.

My gas vehicle has a range of just under 400 miles per tank, which is not much more than most EV's. As far as hauling ability, why don't you google the F-150 Lightning and take a look at its specs? It's good to educate oneself before posting, Tiger.
 
40-50 hours
Level 1 chargers can take 40-50 hours to charge a battery electric vehicle (BEV) from empty and 5-6 hours to charge a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) from empty.Feb 2, 2022

You come home from work on Monday and have to wait til Wed. for your car battery to be charged.

evconnect.com

DC fast chargers take 45 minutes to fully charge. People use that for travel. Try having lunch and gassing up in under 45 minutes.

Boy, you guys and your propaganda are fun.
 
DC fast chargers take 45 minutes to fully charge. People use that for travel. Try having lunch and gassing up in under 45 minutes.

Boy, you guys and your propaganda are fun.


I plan on driving to White Sands to get some research at the base museum there in the near future. Two gas stops in Wilcox and Deming all of maybe 20 minutes total including exit and reentry onto the highway. Do a solid 80 mph the whole way with maybe a bit of a reduction through Tucson and Phoenix. None of the other towns or cities are big enough to effect that other than if a highway patrol is lurking...

9 to 10 hours drive. Looking at an EV charging station map by the DoE, that stretch from about Benson AZ to White Sands looks pretty baren for charging stations too...
 
Maybe later in the video he switched to something about energy efficiency, but for the first 3 minutes all he talked about was energy volume efficiency. That is kind of important, but is very different than energy efficiency.
Obviously you never watched the video.
An ICE engine needs to be running all the time, even when it is not needed, which is a massive energy inefficiency.
No, it doesn't. You turn the car off when you park it. Several cars (and most gas powered golf carts) automatically shut off when stopped, and start again when you accelerate. Most modern FADEC cars today shut down unneeded cylinders when decelerating or stopped. They simply don't receive fuel.
It also has built into it lots of friction, which is another inefficiency.
Apparently you have never heard of lubrication. Did you know the EV also requires lubrication?
It is not that hard to get an electric motor to be 90% efficient,
Electric motors don't have an efficiency rating.
where it is virtually impossible to get a combustion engine to 50% efficiency without combining it with an electric motor.
A modern reciprocating gasoline engine often runs at or close to 50% efficiency. The rest is waste heat, which can be tapped to heat the cabin of the car in winter.
So a modern diesel locomotive gets slightly above 50% efficiency,
No, it doesn't. It is a heat engine like any other.
because the diesel engine runs at one speed, charging batteries that run an electric motor that actually moves the train.
No. Batteries are not used to run the traction motors on a diesel-electric locomotive. The diesel engine's throttle is adjusted to the demands of the load.
Electric only trains are even more efficient because you eliminate the friction of the diesel engine.
No. That electricity must be generated (using a heat engine usually), then converted (generating waste heat) up to a voltage for transmission (generating waste heat), then reconverted down (generating waste heat) to distribution lines running for long distances along the tracks (which generates waste heat), tapped by the locomotive(s), then used to run the traction motors (which also generates waste heat).

Such trains use about half again or even twice the energy of a diesel electric locomotive or even of a steam locomotive.

He is right that, currently, gasoline has better volume efficiency than batteries.
You obviously didn't watch the video.
 
My gas vehicle has a range of just under 400 miles per tank, which is not much more than most EV's. As far as hauling ability, why don't you google the F-150 Lightning and take a look at its specs? It's good to educate oneself before posting, Tiger.

At the end of it's range, a gasoline vehicle requires only a few minutes to refuel. An EV requires much longer time to recharge, even lasting into hours, depending on the charger you can find, and doesn't have the range or the performance.
The F-150E (the Lightning) is a joke. It can't haul a full load for anything much behind a 100 miles. It is impractical as a truck. That sucker is expensive too.

Did you know the best selling vehicle last year was the Ford F-150 (gasoline powered), followed by the Chevy Silverado (gasoline powered) and the Dodge RAM (gasoline powered). All trucks. All gasoline powered.
 
I plan on driving to White Sands to get some research at the base museum there in the near future. Two gas stops in Wilcox and Deming all of maybe 20 minutes total including exit and reentry onto the highway. Do a solid 80 mph the whole way with maybe a bit of a reduction through Tucson and Phoenix. None of the other towns or cities are big enough to effect that other than if a highway patrol is lurking...

9 to 10 hours drive. Looking at an EV charging station map by the DoE, that stretch from about Benson AZ to White Sands looks pretty baren for charging stations too...

Have a nice trip!
 
DC fast chargers take 45 minutes to fully charge.
IF you can find one. IF there is no line for it. IF you stick to the freeways where these are located.
People use that for travel.
IF you can meet all the conditions above.
Try having lunch and gassing up in under 45 minutes.
I eat on the go while I'm traveling. It's easy.
I don't waste 45 minutes fueling up my vehicle. I can fuel it up along most any road. I don't have to stick to freeways. I don't have to carefully plan to be exactly out of power just as I reach that rare level 3 charger. I don't have to wait in line for it. Fueling stations for gasoline cars are numerous and in every town. I can drive at the posted speed (and even faster) without sacrificing range that much.

Do you know how many Teslas I blow by on 80mph freeways because they are driving 60 to save charge? You twits are a hazard, dude!
 
IF you also have a home (and probably garage) to charge it.

The garage is already basically required to be practical on any level, so this is superfluous.

Quite right. The more you travel, the more you will have to stay in many hotels because your car needs charging, which takes a significant amount of time out of your travel time.

Quite right. Batteries are heavy, even Li-ion batteries. That's useful load you don't get.

Ever wonder why there are no practical electric airplanes? The same thing affects cars and trucks.

It's all about power to weight ratio and useful load capacity.

Its a little like those tiny Smartcars. if all you do is bop around town or to work they're fine.

But for me the late model requirement is key since these batteries don't last forever. But there are just not that many people whose needs suit the limitations.
 
Its a little like those tiny Smartcars. if all you do is bop around town or to work they're fine.

But for me the late model requirement is key since these batteries don't last forever. But there are just not that many people whose needs suit the limitations.

Heh. I see those Smartcars and they always look to me like someone forgot half the car when they drove off. They really do look ridiculous.
They're dangerous too. Crash tests with these things revealed something interesting.

The car is basically shaped like a sphere. This is a strong shape. The car sustains little damage.
The occupants, however are a different story. With almost no crushing zones on this car, the occupants bounce around inside the sphere suffering great damage, even with belts and air bags.

The downside of such a small car that is basically shaped like a modified sphere.

Frankly, I wouldn't even bop around town in one. Riding a bicycle on the street is safer.

You also bring up another important point I remind the EV religious nuts: the resale value of these cars is terrible. Used batteries have already reduced range. As they age, they will have less and less range until they don't charge much at all. Replacing the battery on a Tesla model Y, for example, will cost you $25,000 plus labor! You can BUY a new gasoline car for that! Only a specially equipped shop (authorized by the dealer) has the facilities to safely handle this very dangerous procedure.

Replacing an engine will only cost you no more than $2000 plus labor, and usually much less. Any competent mechanic can do this.

The last time I pulled an engine out to replace it was on an old Subaru. It took me only 11 1/2 minutes to pull that engine (my current speed record!).
When I pull an engine on an airplane, it's not to replace it...it's to rebuild it.

I will happily stick with my gas and diesel vehicles. I have a lot of stuff to haul for long distances. I travel quite a bit both by car and by air. I use my airplanes for actually flying places. EVs just won't cut it. They have neither the range nor the performance, due to their heavy batteries and long charge times.
 
Heh. I see those Smartcars and they always look to me like someone forgot half the car when they drove off. They really do look ridiculous.
They're dangerous too. Crash tests with these things revealed something interesting.

The car is basically shaped like a sphere. This is a strong shape. The car sustains little damage.
The occupants, however are a different story. With almost no crushing zones on this car, the occupants bounce around inside the sphere suffering great damage, even with belts and air bags.

The downside of such a small car that is basically shaped like a modified sphere.

Frankly, I wouldn't even bop around town in one. Riding a bicycle on the street is safer.

You also bring up another important point I remind the EV religious nuts: the resale value of these cars is terrible. Used batteries have already reduced range. As they age, they will have less and less range until they don't charge much at all. Replacing the battery on a Tesla model Y, for example, will cost you $25,000 plus labor! You can BUY a new gasoline car for that! Only a specially equipped shop (authorized by the dealer) has the facilities to safely handle this very dangerous procedure.

Replacing an engine will only cost you no more than $2000 plus labor, and usually much less. Any competent mechanic can do this.

The last time I pulled an engine out to replace it was on an old Subaru. It took me only 11 1/2 minutes to pull that engine (my current speed record!).
When I pull an engine on an airplane, it's not to replace it...it's to rebuild it.

I will happily stick with my gas and diesel vehicles. I have a lot of stuff to haul for long distances. I travel quite a bit both by car and by air. I use my airplanes for actually flying places. EVs just won't cut it. They have neither the range nor the performance, due to their heavy batteries and long charge times.

yeah smart cars are kinda silly but they are very easy to park, great gas milage very serviceable for a niche group. just as EVs are serviceable for a different niche group. well to do who have multiple vehicles.
 
Probably not. Hydrogen is even more problematic than a battery vehicle is.
* You have to make the hydrogen, a LOT of it. That takes a lot of energy. Hydrogen that is sold today is made by fractioning a hydrocarbon, which creates CO2. You know...that DANGEROUS GAS that somehow manages to violate the 1st and 2nd law of thermodynamics and the Stefan-Boltzmann law.
* You have to compress the hydrogen for transport or storage in the car. That takes energy too.
* Compressed hydrogen causes hydrogen embrittlement in the tanks, making them unsafe. Tanks will have to be inspected by hydrostatic testing approx once each year. ANY corrosion is also a problem. That's 3000psi of flammable gas you're dealing with!
* Even when compressed, energy density is quite low. Hydrogen is a bulky fuel.
* Whether the hydrogen is burned in a reciprocating engine or used in a fuel makes no difference.
* Fuel cells require a large battery ballast.
* Fuel cells require the use of iridium and platinum to manufacture. Two rare and expensive materials. If you think the lithium shortage caused by large numbers of EVs is going to be a problem, you ain't seen nothin' yet!
* Fueling hydrogen cars can easily take up to 30 minutes. The nozzle freezes to the vehicle while fueling, and it takes a good 30 minutes oftentimes to thaw.

Nah. Oil is a naturally occurring resource. It is easy to distill it into gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, and many other useful fuels and products. Gasoline has the highest energy density by volume.

Gasoline cars are cheap, easy to fix when required, are just as reliable when new as any EV. They don't require a lot of energy to manufacture the fuel for them. There are fewer conversions of energy, saving losses. Heck...it's quite possible to pick up a used gasoline powered car for cheap (or even free!), fix it up (a couple of thousand, maybe), and sell it for PROFIT. They can tow and carry large useful loads, since the fuel itself is a very minor part of the vehicle weight (20 gallons only weighs about 120 pounds!).

Today's FADEC engines are very reliable. There is no tune-up required. There are no points to adjust or replace. There are no high voltage ignition wires anymore. A few simple sensors are all that's required to run the engine. The rest is fuel trim or to provide better information if something fails. Those sensors are very reliable. I rarely have to replace any of them.

Sure, you have to replace the engine oil every few thousand miles (I recommend synthetic for everything now, except aircraft and some ship engines), and that procedure is simple. Anyone can do it. You can even drive to a local oil change shop and have them do it. It's not a problem. Anyone complaining about this simple procedure is just whining.

EV motors are oil cooled, like transmission oil, they don't need changing unless a problem develops in the device. Automatic transmissions should be changed occasionally (see your service interval for it). This is due to the friction surfaces in a typical automatic transmission. The friction surfaces are very good. They take a LONG time to wear, unless you are abusing the transmission.

Transmission oil in EVs has no friction surfaces. Just gears. That oil doesn't need to be changed unless a problem develops.

Battery coolant does need to be changed. It can plug and corrode like any coolant. Liquid coolant used in gasoline engines should be changed more frequently due to galvanic corrosion between various metals in the engine.

All rubber components should be checked each year. This is just as true for the EV as it is for the gasoline car. Look for cracking, UV damage, heat damage, and that all adhesives used (if any) remains secure.

All cars require regular maintenance of the body and tires. UV, dirt, grime, and road hazards are hard on all of these parts. Brakes should be serviced when shoes are worn. EVs, although they have regenerative braking, DO wear out their brakes at about the same rate, since the car is heavier.

Hydrogen cars are certainly lighter than EVs, but the problems with making and handling the hydrogen just don't cut it.
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Goldman Sachs: Hydrogen Generation Could Grow Into $1 Trillion Per Year Market

Hydrogen power has been on the market for decades but has never really been able to break the glass ceiling of mass-market appeal, mainly due to a host of technical and cost issues. But some experts now believe that the hydrogen economy is ready for take-off, with Goldman Sachs predicting hydrogen generation could eventually grow into a $1 trillion per year market. The EU has hatched a highly ambitious plan to install 40 gigawatts of electrolyzers within its borders and support the development of another 40 gigawatts of green hydrogen in nearby countries that can export to the EU by 2030. The EU has also pledged to cut Russian gas imports by two-thirds by the end of the year and has doubled down on green energy fuels by increasing renewable hydrogen production.

And Citigroup analysts are now particularly bullish about one hydrogen sub-sector: fuel cells. Fuel cells are used in specialty vehicles such as forklifts and by energy consumers to complement electricity from the grid to smooth energy costs and ensure reliability. According to the analysts, the global fuel cell industry is a direct play on the green energy debate, and “reaching the part that batteries cannot.”

“Fuel cells enable both de-carbonization and energy resilience, and we see them as crucial in harder-to-abate sectors like commercial vehicles and marine,” a Citi team told clients in a note on Tuesday, carried by MarketWatch.

Citi’s base case sees the fuel cell market hitting 50 gigawatts (GW) and $40 billion by 2030, good for more than 35% CAGR in dollar terms, with further acceleration to 500GW/$180 billion by 2040. “The fuel cell equity story has had false starts before, but we see the impetus from emissions policy as well as announced hydrogen plans as creating attractive opportunities,” the analysts have said, highlighting policies such as the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act.

Citi has picked U.K.-based Ceres Power (LSE: CWR), New York-based Plug Power Inc. (PLUG), Belgium’s Umicore SA (EBR: UMI), and Japan’s Toyota Motor Corp (TM) as the bank’s buy-rated stocks with high exposure to the fuel-cell theme.

What Is Holding The Hydrogen Boom Back?

But for all the buzz surrounding the hydrogen economy, the sector has badly underperformed the market this year. Hydrogen and fuel-cell stocks have been pounded, losing about 70% YTD compared to -25.1% by the S&P 500. Even the leaders of the space have not fared much better: PLUG stock has returned -31.3% YTD while shares of peer FuelCell Energy, Inc. (FCEL) have lost 45.7% over the timeframe.

But it’s not been all doom and gloom, though: back in August, Plug Power signed a deal to supply liquid green hydrogen to Amazon Inc. (AMZN) beginning 2025 to help decarbonize the ecommerce giant’s operations.

As part of the deal, Plug will grant Amazon a warrant to acquire up to 16M common shares, with an exercise price for the first 9M warrant shares of ~$22.98/share, and for the rest a price equal to 90% of Plug's 30-day volume weighted average share price when the first 9M shares are vested. Amazon would vest the warrant in full if it spends $2.1B over the seven-year term of the warrant across Plug products, including electrolyzers, fuel cell solutions and green hydrogen.

Under the deal, Plug Power will supply 10,950 tons/year of liquid green hydrogen beginning January 2025, something the company has termed as a "growth opportunity" that is expected to help it reach its $3B revenue goal by 2025. On its part, Amazon says the contract should provide enough annual power for 30K forklifts or 800 heavy-duty trucks used in long-haul transportation.

Despite the bright long-term outlook for the hydrogen sector, companies like Plug Power have been recording ballooning operating costs leading to widening losses. For Q2 2022, PLUG’s operating expenses increased 132% year-over-year to $114.44 million; operating loss widened 63.9% Y/Y to $146.91 million while net loss and net loss per share worsened 73.9% and 66.7% year-over-year, respectively. For the full year, PLUG has a consensus loss per share estimate of $0.94, good for 14.8% year-over-year increase.

Meanwhile, FuelCell saw Its Q3 2022 loss for the period ended July loss from operations expand 164.5% year-over-year to $28 million while adjusted EBITDA loss widened 301.5% year-over-year to $20.77 million. The company’s consensus revenue estimate of $27.87 million for the fiscal 2023 first quarter indicates a 12.4% Y/Y decline.

Varying Expectations

These are still early days into the hydrogen boom, and analysts are saying that varying expectations around how financing and offtake deals are structured is one of the reasons why deals have been hard to close.

Currently, there is no merchant market for hydrogen. For hydrogen projects to become financeable, they must have a bankable offtake scheme. But expectations around how financing and offtake deals will be structured vary widely, adding complexity to the contracting process, as Frank O'Sullivan, managing director at venture capital firm S2G Ventures, has told the ACORE Finance Forum. There's also no shortage of investors interested in the hydrogen sector, but many are sitting on the sidelines and watching to see how the first round of deals pans out.

"There isn't a single model that defines, this is how the hydrogen play works. There will be several models, and those models have not emerged yet," O'Sullivan has said.

It's a viewpoint reiterated by Greg Cameron, executive vice president and chief financial officer of hydrogen fuel cell maker Bloom Energy (BE). According to Cameron, on one end, there's the acquisition of energy needed to drive electrolysis. On the other end, there are the off-takers, who may come from diverse industries with different expectations for how a contract should be structured.

Luckily, O'Sullivan says that the path to getting actual hydrogen infrastructure off the ground is relatively clear. The capital costs associated with electrolysis are declining, while access to renewable energy that's cheap enough to generate hydrogen from water and still sell a cost-competitive fuel is on the horizon.

Rachel Crouch, a senior associate at giant British-American multinational law firm Norton Rose Fulbright, has proposed that existing use cases for hydrogen--which today rely almost exclusively on gray hydrogen--may be among the first green or blue hydrogen opportunities to be financeable because the offtake picture is already clear and is likely easier to model.

Crouch suggests ammonia is one such area because a market already exists for ammonia, and several green ammonia projects have been proposed or are in the early stages of development.

She sees petroleum refining as another area where bankable early green or blue hydrogen projects are likely to emerge because refineries are among the largest users of hydrogen as a fuel stock. In this case, early-stage hydrogen projects may contract with refineries as offtakers, and notes that several pilot projects are already being developed in this sector. Crouch adds that specialty vehicles are also showing early promise where hydrogen is already being used to power fuel cells.

https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/gol...n-could-grow-into-$1-trillion-per-year-market
 
The real cost for an engine replacement is well above 4 K and takes weeks. https://www.consumeraffairs.com/automotive/how-much-does-it-cost-to-replace-an-engine.html They can cost more than 10 K too depending on what engine you have to replace. About 2 million engine replacements happen per year.

You are being disingenuous here. Reading your own article, the cost varies from as low as possibly $1000 using a junkyard engine and your own mechanic or even do-it-yourself, to $4 to $10,000 at a dealer (possibly more) where only the most ignorant, clueless, and uncaring about the cost would take their vehicle to have this done.

So, the cost could be quite reasonable on an older vehicle using a second-hand engine and either an inexpensive (that means doesn't cost a lot v. is a poor mechanic) mechanic or doing it yourself. Or it could be quite costly getting a new engine replacement and having the dealer do the work.

With EV's you are saddled with going to the dealer most of the time so you get the costly version because it's forced on you by the manufacturer.
 
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