you are in disagreement with all the AGW clowns.
Why yes...yes I am.
But any reasonable person understands that an ice age is a global climate change.
Nope. A desert climate is still a desert climate. Nothing has changed.
A marine climate is still a marine climate. Nothing has changed.
A tropical climate is still a tropical climate. Nothing has changed.
An ice age, if it took place, is not a climate. It is a change in weather. We could certainly describe such conditions as an arctic climate, but 'arctic climate' has not changed. Further, North America is not the globe. Neither is Europe.
How do we know it happened?
We don't. It is not possible to prove either way. It might have happened, it might not. The belief that an ice age occurred can only be taken on faith. This belief is in and of itself a circular argument (not a fallacy). The other name for a circular argument is 'faith'.
glaciers created the great lakes.
How do you know? Were you there?
fossil and ice core data confirm that warming and cooling of the planet have been happening for millions of years, without any help from humans.
Fossils do not indicate anything except the presence of what was once an animal or vegetation. They do not indicate temperature. That is an INTERPRETATION. It is ASSIGNING meaning to a fossil that simply isn't there.
Ice cores do not indicate temperature other than that they are below freezing. Any other INTERPRETATION is ASSIGNING a guess to it's meaning.
Science does not make use of indirect measurements of any kind. The meaning of anything like ice cores, fossils, etc. are guesses and assignments. They are INTERPRETATIONS.
All observations are subject to the problems of phenomenology. That is why observations are not themselves science. Science consists ONLY of falsifiable theories.
A brief introduction to phenomenology: let's use a common event, a simple sunrise being observed by different people.
To one, it is a god, rising into the sky to light the world for his children.
To another, it is a vehicle carrying such a god.
To another, it is a great fireball, circling the stationary Earth.
To another, it is a great fireball, appearing to move because of Earth's spin.
To another, it is not anything burning, it is a a fusion reaction, and the Sun is stationary.
To another, both the Earth and the Sun are orbiting each other, while the Sun-Earth system orbits a central core of a galaxy.
To another, it is just a software simulation, using some ultimate form of VR (aka the Matrix).
Seven different people. Seven different observations of the same event. ALL of them are unique. They ALL exclude each other.
Observations, you see are ALL more than just a stimuli on our senses. It is also our minds INTERPRETING those senses and ASSIGNING meaning to them. We assign those meanings according to our own personal model of how the universe works. That model is as unique to each of us as a fingerprint. It is formed from our own experiences and beliefs. Without that interpretation and assignment, the observation is meaningless.
So what is 'real'?
'Real' is quite literally what our own personal model of the universe tells us. In other words, 'real' is literally what each of us in our own way defines it. My 'real' is different from yours, just as your 'real' is different from anyone else's. There is no absolute 'real', since 'real' quite literally depends on our observations as interpreted by our own personal model of the universe and how it works.
So...let's take a fossil of...let's say...a lizard.
How do we know how old it is? We don't. It's a rock. Radiometric dating is not accurate over any length of time beyond the date of its invention. It assumes consistent conditions, and we don't know the conditions were even consistent (they probably weren't).
How do we know that temperature it was when the lizard died? We don't. I might've fallen into the crevasse of a glacier and swept many miles from the moment of it's death. It might've fallen into a swamp in tropical conditions, and drifted with the currents until it became embedded in the mud. It may have even trampled into the mud by a charging elephant. It may have naturally lived on a mountain that later wore away due to erosion, carrying the remains of the lizard with it. It may be some faked remains from someone selling fake fossils (that DOES happen. There's actually an entire industry around it in some nations).
We really know NOTHING about this particular lizard, other than it once existed as a living animal? It might not even be a genuine fossil!
Does this show temperature? No. We have NO idea of the history of this lizard fossil.
So what is 'science'? Can it be defined? Yes. By philosophy, just as it defines what 'real' and 'reality' means.
Science is a set of falsifiable theories. A theory is an explanatory argument. An argument is a set of predicates and a conclusion.
ALL theories begin as circular arguments, whether they are scientific ones or not. What sets aside a theory as 'science' is the test for falsifiability.
The test for falsifiability simply means this:
* develop a null hypothesis of the theory. In other words, ask the question, "how can this theory be shown to be wrong?".
* develop a test against the null hypothesis. This test must be available, practical to conduct, specific, and produce a specific result. This means the test requires the use of a quantity. Science only uses DIRECT measurements. It does not use any INDIRECT measurements due to the extensions imposed by phenomenology. Even direct measurements are observations, however, but they do remove one layer of interpretation.
* as long as a theory survives tests designed to destroy it, that theory is more than a circular argument. It has tests designed to destroy it done against it. As long as the theory survives such tests, it is automatically a part of the body of science. It is a theory of science. It will remain so until a test falsifies it.
A nonscientific theory (one that is not falsifiable) can neither be proven True nor False. It remains the circular argument it started as.
All religions are based on some initial circular argument, with arguments extending from that. The other name for the circular argument is 'faith'. It is not in and of itself a fallacy.
Attempting to prove a circular argument either True or False is the circular argument fallacy. Circular arguments cannot be proven either True nor False. This is what a fundamentalist does. Fundamentalists occur in every religion. Some religions are inherently fundamentalist.
This is how 'religion' can best be defined, philosophically. Like 'science', 'religion' is defined in philosophy.
One should not reject philosophy simply because it is a set of arguments and their reasoning. It is not a waste of time. it defines some pretty important words here.