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According to the 
Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, the Israeli Arab population stood at 2.1 million people in 2023, accounting for 21% of Israel's total population.
[1] The majority of these Arab citizens identify themselves as Arab or Palestinian by nationality and as Israeli by citizenship.
[17][18][19] They mostly live in 
Arab-majority towns and cities, some of which are among the poorest in the country, and generally attend schools that are separated to some degree from those attended by 
Jewish Israelis.
[20] Arab political parties traditionally did not join governing coalitions until 2021, when the 
United Arab List became the first to do so.
[21]