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Here is what a European expert thinks.
Anders Puck Nielsen, a researcher with the Centre for Maritime Operations at the Royal Danish Defence College, said the timing of the leaks was 'conspicuous' given that a new pipeline carrying gas from Norway to Poland was opened today.
'The arrow points in the direction of Russia,' he said. 'No one in the West is interested in having any kind of instability in the energy market.'
The extent of the damage means the Nord Stream pipelines are unlikely to carry any gas to Europe this winter even if there was political will to bring them online, analysts at the Eurasia Group said.
'Depending on the scale of the damage, the leaks could even mean a permanent closure of both lines,' Henning Gloystein and Jason Bush wrote.
They noted that undersea pipelines are designed so they can not be damaged accidentally and leaks are rare.
Mr Puck Nielsen said of possible sabotage that 'technically speaking, this is not difficult. It just requires a boat. It requires some divers that know how to handle explosive devices'.
'But I think if we look at who would actually benefit from disturbances, more chaos on the gas market in Europe, I think there's basically only one actor right now that actually benefits from more uncertainty, and that is Russia,' he added.