What about investors? It's not their time or effort. They are investing in the time and effort of someone else. What about charities? If you put time and effort in to support a charity, that is not taxed.
What is the income of a gambler? He can't prove his losses. Does he even have a net profit? He put a lot of time and effort into his gaming, and LESS to show for it most of the time.
What about those that put in very little time or effort, yet get paid lots of money?
What about the criminal? His time and effort is spent stealing someone else's time and effort.
What about a collectible just sitting on the shelf while gaining value. The only time and effort is to sell it at a high (sometimes much higher!) price than what you paid for it. Why is a ditch digger that makes far less money taxed less?
Care to try to define 'income' a little better than that? Your definition doesn't work.