Oh yes they were. Check out the election of 1896 and McKinley. Morgan, Rockefeller, et al., colluded and set out to buy the presidency. That is classic oligarchy if there ever was.
Your resource for the hottest moving stocks and news. We cover all sectors and markets giving everyday investors access to the most important news.
moneymorning.com
Rockefeller also made every effort to put any competitor out of business, either by cash or force. He sought total control over the oil and gas industry. In doing so he could manipulate prices as he saw fit.
Black markets only exist where the open market fails to satisfy demand. Government is the major creator of black markets by restricting open markets. Example: Prohibition.
An introduction to that turn of phrase:
en.wikipedia.org
Yes, it is. But good government is one held accountable for its actions by the people it governs. In Ireland many centuries ago, it was customary for rulers--the government--to be put to the sword when it failed the people in some serious manner, like the crops failed or the like.
Communism collects and puts all power in the hands of one or a few who then use it to keep that power and ensure their own rule goes on forever if possible.
Monarchy is no different really. Today the most virulent monarchy is N. Korea where hereditary rule is in place and there is a single god-like ruler. Really no different than say a pharaoh or medieval king.