The Affordable Care Act (ACA) enhanced premium tax credits (subsidies) were initially temporary measures introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic to make marketplace coverage more affordable.
These enhancements expanded eligibility to households above 400% of the federal poverty level and increased subsidy amounts across income levels.
The "two subsidy extensions" refer to the original temporary provision and its subsequent extension, both of which set the current sunset date of December 31, 2025 (effective for tax years 2021–2025).
No further extensions have been passed as of October 21, 2025; the subsidies are on track to expire.