The Rt Rev Tim Stevens, Bishop of Leicester, said the Church of England had been supportive of civil partnerships when the legislation was introduced eight years ago.
"We continue to be supportive of the gay community and want to see that inclusion in our society increased and developed," he said.
"I think the difficulty we have here is the substitution of equality for uniformity, that is to say that there can be no distinction at all between men and women."
Under the current law, anyone who is resident in England has a legal right to marry in his or her Church of England parish church irrespective of religious affiliation and the minister of the parish is under a legal duty to conduct the marriage.