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Quarks are just the elementary particles which make up protons and neutrons.
The discovery of quarks did not change the amount of protons and neutrons in the universe in the slightest way. Quarks are protons and neutrons in an atomic sense.
C is the speed of light in a vacuum, and that is invariant. C is a law of nature.
Matter will cause photons to travel slower. If my memory is correct, the speed of light in water is about 75 percent what it is in a vacuum.
I personally have never heard that the discovery of quarks fundamentally changed our understanding of C or of general relativity. Unless I missed something.
For what it's worth:
It wasn’t until 1962 that a semiconductor engineer at Texas Instruments named Thomas Hartman wrote a paper that explicitly embraced the shocking implications of the math.
Hartman found that a barrier seemed to act as a shortcut. When a particle tunnels, the trip takes less time than if the barrier weren’t there. Even more astonishing, he calculated that thickening a barrier hardly increases the time it takes for a particle to tunnel across it. This means that with a sufficiently thick barrier, particles could hop from one side to the other faster than light traveling the same distance through empty space.
In short, quantum tunneling seemed to allow faster-than-light travel, a supposed physical impossibility.
https://www.quantamagazine.org/quant...ight-20201020/
What we get from those researches is that space, time and the speed of light are common factors.
That's it. At least THREE things unifying it.
It might explain the particle/wave problem.
Speed of Light May Not Be Constant, Physicists Say
By Jesse Emspak - Live Science Contributor April 27, 2013
The charges of all these particles are important to their model, because all of them have charges. A quantity called impedance depends on the sum of those charges. The impedance in turn depends on the permittivity of the vacuum, or how much it resists electric fields, as well as its permeability, or how well it supports magnetic fields. Light waves are made up of both an electric and magnetic wave, so changing those quantities (permittivity and permeability) will change the measured speed of light.
https://www.livescience.com/29111-sp...-constant.html
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The Trouble with Physics by Lee Smolin spells it out. Smolin would chat with us regular folk when I first arrived in Cyberia. He is one of the whistleblowers on politics in physics. Self-funded physicists like Einstein are allowed to think outside the box.
Speaking of the 1927 Solvay conference, I do not think this much brainpower has ever been assembled in one location in human history. Geek factor was totally off the map.
Albert Einstein
Marie Curie
Niels Bohr
Max Planck
Erwin Schrödinger
Paul Dirac
Werner Heisenberg
Wolfgang Pauli
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